Unlock the power of Git with this essential guide! We cover the Git commands every developer must master to streamline their workflow and boost productivity. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, this will help you understand key Git commands like clone, commit, push, pull, branch, merge, and more. Learn how to efficiently manage version control and collaborate on projects with ease. Don't miss out on these must-know Git tips that will take your development skills to the next level!
Git Commands
- git
init
- Initialize
a new Git repository.
- Example:
Run this in an empty project folder to start version control.
- git
clone <repo_url>
- Clone
an existing repository from a remote source.
- Example:
git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git to copy a project from GitHub.
- git
status
- Show
the status of changes in the working directory and staging area.
- Example:
Run this to check which files have been modified or staged.
- git
add
- Add
a specific file to the staging area.
- Example:
git add index.html to stage index.html for commit.
- git
add .
- Add
all changes in the working directory to the staging area.
- Example:
Run this when you want to stage all modified and new files.
- git
commit -m "message"
- Commit
the staged changes with a descriptive message.
- Example:
git commit -m "Fixed login issue" to save changes with a
meaningful note.
- git
commit --amend -m "new message"
- Modify
the last commit message.
- Example:
Run this if you made a typo in the previous commit message.
- git
log
- Show
commit history.
- Example:
Use this to review past commits and their messages.
- git
log --oneline
- Show
commit history in a compact format.
- Example:
Use this for a quick summary of commit history.
- git
diff
- Show
differences between working directory and staging area.
- Example:
Run this to see what changes have been made before staging.
- git
diff --staged
- Show
differences between the staged files and the last commit.
- Example:
Use this before committing to review staged changes.
- git
branch
- List
all branches in the repository.
- Example:
Run this to check which branches exist in your project.
- git
branch <branch_name>
- Create
a new branch.
- Example:
git branch feature-xyz to create a branch for a new feature.
- git
checkout <branch_name>
- Switch
to a different branch.
- Example:
git checkout develop to move to the develop branch.
- git
checkout -b <branch_name>
- Create
and switch to a new branch.
- Example:
git checkout -b bugfix-101 to create and switch to a new bugfix branch.
- git
merge <branch_name>
- Merge
a branch into the current branch.
- Example:
git merge feature-xyz to merge changes from feature-xyz into the current
branch.
- git
rebase <branch_name>
- Reapply
commits on top of another base branch.
- Example:
git rebase main to move feature branch commits on top of main.
- git
stash
- Temporarily
save changes that are not committed.
- Example:
Run this before switching branches when you have uncommitted changes.
- git
stash pop
- Reapply
the latest stashed changes and remove them from the stash list.
- Example:
Use this to bring back previously stashed changes.
- git
stash list
- Show
a list of stashed changes.
- Example:
Run this to check saved stashes.
- git
stash drop
- Delete
the latest stashed change.
- Example:
Run this to remove an unwanted stash.
- git
reset
- Unstage
a specific file from the staging area.
- Example:
git reset index.html to remove index.html from staging but keep changes.
- git
reset --hard
- Reset
the working directory and staging area to the last commit.
- Example:
Run this if you want to discard all uncommitted changes.
- git
reset --soft HEAD~1
- Undo
the last commit but keep changes in the staging area.
- Example:
Use this if you want to redo the last commit with a different message.
- git
revert <commit_hash>
- Create
a new commit that undoes the changes from a specific commit.
- Example:
git revert abc123 to undo commit abc123 safely.
- git
pull
- Fetch
and merge changes from a remote repository.
- Example:
git pull origin main to update the local branch with the latest remote
changes.
- git
fetch
- Download
changes from a remote repository without merging.
- Example:
Run this to check for remote updates before merging.
- git
push
- Push
local changes to a remote repository.
- Example:
git push origin main to upload local commits to the main branch.
- git
push -u origin <branch_name>
- Push
a branch to the remote repository and track it.
- Example:
git push -u origin feature-xyz to push a new branch and set tracking.
- git
remote -v
- List
all remote repositories linked to the local repository.
- Example:
Use this to check remote connections.
- git
remote add
- Add
a new remote repository.
- Example:
git remote add origin https://github.com/user/repo.git to link a GitHub
repository.
- git
remote remove
- Remove
a remote repository.
- Example:
git remote remove origin to delete a remote link.
- git
tag <tag_name>
- Create
a new tag.
- Example:
git tag v1.0 to mark a version release.
- git
tag -a <tag_name> -m "message"
- Create
an annotated tag with a message.
- Example:
git tag -a v1.0 -m "Version 1.0 release" to add a tag with a
description.
- git
show <tag_name>
- Show
details of a tag.
- Example:
git show v1.0 to see information about a tag.
- git
cherry-pick <commit_hash>
- Apply
a specific commit from another branch.
- Example:
git cherry-pick abc123 to apply a single commit from another branch.